Contrary to popular belief, tarantulas are not true spiders. They are part of the arachnid family yes, but they are not true spiders. Arachnids are a group of some of the oldest land animals from the prehistoric perspective. Scorpions have been found in the fossil record dating back to almost 400 million years ago. Spiders have been around since before the dinosaurs time, mostly unchanged by evolution. The fossil record shows tarantulas date back to 300 million years ago, and the specimen had a 50 centimetre leg span (that’s almost two feet wide).
arizona blonde tarantula
There are a handful of desert tarantula species that inhabit the southwest deserts of the United States, the desert blonde tarantula being one of them. As with all the tarantulas, males are smaller than the female in body size and in overall size but they have longer legs than the females do. This might be because males do a lot more walking than females. Every fall here in our southwest deserts, as well as just outside of Las Vegas, male tarantulas go on the march. They trek out into the wilderness for hundreds of miles looking for one thing; sex. Tourists and locals alike will often see hoards of tarantulas, moving across roads and properties in the way of their search for a mate. Unfortunately many are killed along their march when they come in contact with our roads and highways. I say unfortunately because tarantulas, like all spiders are the main reason why mankind is not up to our knees in insects. Spiders do most of the natural pest control in our world. They conduct this form of pest control with large up-and-down moving fangs that inject a liquefying toxin into their prey. These fangs can also deliver a painful bite if you disturb them too much or hurt them.
The desert blonde tarantula is the focus of today’s story. These creatures grow up to 6 inches wide including the leg span and while males do go on the march, females stay mostly confined to a burrow. However, tarantulas are active hunters across the board, so females and males will go on the hunt about two times a week. Wild tarantulas are nocturnal hunters while tarantulas kept as pets can be fed any time of the day. Females can live up to 30 years while males live up to, at most, 10 years and if the male sticks around too long after mating, he will often become a free meal for the female. Tarantulas are also covered in body hairs, and the abdomen houses defensive hairs that the tarantula will kick off with her back legs. These hairs are like needle like darts that can get into the skin and cause a severe irritation, similar to coming in contact with fiberglass. I personally think the female desert blonde tarantula is an absolutely gorgeous looking creature. The head and torso (combined and referred to as the carapace) is a sandy light brown color, while the abdomen is very dark brown covered in copper colored hairs. The first leg segments are the same base color as the abdomen, with the copper colored hairs replaced with brown hairs. The second, third and forth leg segments are the same sandy color as the head and torso. The last leg segment, her feet, are the same dark brown color as the abdomen.
The Desert Blonde Tarantula, also known as the Arizona Blonde Tarantula, is a popular species among tarantula enthusiasts due to its docile nature and striking appearance. This tarantula is characterized by its light-colored exoskeleton, which gives it the “blonde” moniker.
Taxonomy and Classification
The Desert Blonde Tarantula belongs to the family Theraphosidae, which encompasses a wide variety of tarantulas. Here is a brief overview of its classification:
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Class: Arachnida
- Order: Araneae
- Family: Theraphosidae
- Genus: Aphonopelma
- Species: A. chalcodes
Physical Characteristics
Size and Appearance
Adult Desert Blonde Tarantulas typically range in size from 3 to 5 inches in body length, with a leg span of up to 6 inches. Females are generally larger than males. Their coloration is predominantly blonde or tan, with males often exhibiting darker legs.
Lifespan
One of the most interesting aspects of the Desert Blonde Tarantula is its lifespan. Females can live up to 25 years, while males usually live much shorter lives, typically around 5-10 years. This significant difference is due to the reproductive role and subsequent shorter lifespan of males.
Habitat and Distribution
Natural Habitat
The Desert Blonde Tarantula is primarily found in the deserts and arid regions of the southwestern United States, particularly in Arizona. They prefer dry, hot environments and are often found in burrows that they dig themselves or take over from other animals.
Adaptations to the Desert Environment
These tarantulas have several adaptations that allow them to thrive in harsh desert conditions. Their burrows help them escape the extreme heat of the day and retain moisture. They are also nocturnal, which helps them avoid the scorching daytime temperatures.
Behavior and Diet
Nocturnal Habits
The Desert Blonde Tarantula is primarily nocturnal, emerging from its burrow at night to hunt for food. This nocturnal lifestyle helps it avoid predators and extreme temperatures.
Hunting and Feeding
These tarantulas are opportunistic hunters, feeding on a variety of insects and small vertebrates. Their diet typically includes crickets, beetles, grasshoppers, and occasionally small lizards or rodents. They use their strong fangs to inject venom into their prey, which immobilizes it and begins the digestive process.
Molting Process
Molting is a critical process in the life of a tarantula. It involves shedding their old exoskeleton and growing a new one. This process allows them to grow and is also a time when they can regenerate lost limbs. During molting, tarantulas are very vulnerable and usually retreat to their burrows for protection.
Reproduction and Life Cycle
Mating Behavior
Mating season for the Desert Blonde Tarantula typically occurs in the late summer and early fall. Males reach sexual maturity around 2-4 years of age, at which point they leave their burrows in search of a female.
Egg Sac and Spiderlings
After mating, the female will produce an egg sac, which she guards diligently. The egg sac can contain anywhere from 100 to 400 eggs. After a few weeks, the eggs hatch into spiderlings, which stay with the mother for a short period before dispersing to find their own burrows.
Caring for Desert Blonde Tarantulas
Housing Requirements
If you’re considering keeping a Desert Blonde Tarantula as a pet, it’s important to provide a suitable habitat. A 10-gallon terrarium with a secure lid is typically sufficient. The substrate should be at least 4 inches deep to allow for burrowing and should consist of a mix of peat moss and vermiculite or coconut fiber.
Temperature and Humidity
Maintaining the correct temperature and humidity is crucial for the health of your tarantula. The ideal temperature range is between 75-85°F, with humidity levels around 50-60%. Using a heat mat and misting the enclosure can help maintain these conditions.
Feeding in Captivity
In captivity, Desert Blonde Tarantulas can be fed a diet of crickets, mealworms, and other commercially available feeder insects. It’s important to avoid overfeeding and to remove any uneaten food to prevent mold and mites.
Handling and Safety
While Desert Blonde Tarantulas are generally docile, handling should be kept to a minimum to avoid stressing the spider. Always wash your hands before and after handling to reduce the risk of transferring harmful bacteria.
Common Health Issues
Dehydration
Dehydration is a common issue for captive tarantulas. Ensure that your tarantula has access to a shallow water dish and maintain appropriate humidity levels in the enclosure.
Molting Complications
Molting is a vulnerable time for tarantulas, and complications can arise. Ensure that the enclosure is humid enough during this period and avoid disturbing your tarantula while it’s molting.
Mite Infestations
Mites can be a problem in tarantula enclosures, especially if uneaten food is left to decompose. Regular cleaning and maintenance of the enclosure can help prevent mite infestations.
Conservation Status
Threats to the Desert Blonde Tarantula
While the Desert Blonde Tarantula is not currently listed as endangered, it does face threats from habitat destruction and the pet trade. Conservation efforts are important to ensure that wild populations remain stable.
Legal Considerations
In some areas, there are regulations regarding the capture and sale of wild tarantulas. It’s important to be aware of these laws if you’re considering obtaining a Desert Blonde Tarantula.
Fun Facts About Desert Blonde Tarantulas
Unique Defense Mechanisms
The Desert Blonde Tarantula has several defense mechanisms, including urticating hairs that it can flick at predators. These hairs are irritating and can cause discomfort to potential threats.
Long Lifespan
As mentioned earlier, the Desert Blonde Tarantula has an impressive lifespan, with females living up to 25 years. This makes them one of the longest-living spider species.
Popularity as Pets
Due to their docile nature and attractive appearance, Desert Blonde Tarantulas are popular pets among arachnid enthusiasts. They are often recommended for beginner tarantula keepers.
FAQs About the Desert Blonde Tarantula
How often should I feed my Desert Blonde Tarantula?
Young tarantulas should be fed more frequently, about twice a week, while adults can be fed once every one to two weeks.
Can Desert Blonde Tarantulas bite?
Yes, they can bite if provoked, but their venom is generally not harmful to humans. It’s best to handle them with care and respect.
How do I know if my tarantula is about to molt?
Signs that your tarantula is about to molt include reduced feeding, lethargy, and a darkening of the exoskeleton. Providing a humid environment can help facilitate a successful molt.
What should I do if my tarantula escapes?
If your tarantula escapes, carefully search the area, especially dark, secluded spots. Use a container to gently capture and return it to its enclosure.
Conclusion
Aphonopelma chalcodes, commonly known as the western desert tarantula, desert blonde tarantula, Arizona blonde tarantula or Mexican blonde tarantula, is a species of spider belonging to the family Theraphosidae. It has a limited distribution in the deserts of Arizona and adjacent parts of Mexico but can be very common within this range. The common name “blonde tarantula” refers to the carapace, which is densely covered in pale hairs, and contrasts strongly with the all-dark legs and abdomen. Additionally, these spiders have low toxicity, a long life expectancy, and several offspring. Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphonopelma_chalcodes
The Desert Blonde Tarantula is a captivating and resilient species, well-adapted to the harsh conditions of the desert. Whether in the wild or as a pet, these tarantulas offer a fascinating glimpse into the world of arachnids. By understanding their behavior, habitat, and care requirements, we can appreciate and protect these remarkable creatures.
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